Proton - A Fascinating Relativistic Many-Body System - Remains Puzzling

Explore the fascinating world of proton physics in this 33-minute plenary session talk from the APS April Meeting 2015. Delve into the puzzling nature of protons as relativistic many-body systems and their role in understanding strong interactions and quantum chromodynamics. Learn about the proton mass puzzle, the European Muon Collaboration's discovery regarding quark contributions to proton spin, and the recent controversy surrounding proton charge radius measurements. Discover ongoing efforts to solve these mysteries and gain insights into nuclear physics, the structure of matter, and the incomplete understanding of nucleon spin. Examine topics such as generalized parton distributions, deep virtual Compton scattering, and parity-violating electron scattering. Conclude with an introduction to the Electron Ion Collider and its potential to advance our understanding of proton spin and hadron structure.

Intro
Nuclear physics is the study of the structure of matter
Proton: a fascinating many-body relativistic system Higgs discovery almost irrelevant to proton mass
What is inside the proton/neutron?
Proton Charge Radius
Muonic hydrogen Lamb shift at PSI (2010, 2013) nature Nature 466, 213-216 (8 July 2010)
Revisits of QED Calculations....
PRad Experimental Setup in Hall Bar Lab
Spin Milestones and Proton Spin
Spin structure of the nucleon
The incomplete nucleon: spin puzzle
Longitudinal Spin Structure
Unified View of Nucleon Structure
Generalized parton distributions and DVCS
Extraction of quark total angular momentum
Parity-violating electron scattering
The Electron lon Collider Two proposals for realization of the Physics Case
Proton spin and hadron structure?