Cargo Transport in Vivo - How Is Transport Regulated? by Steven P. Gross

Explore the intricacies of cargo transport regulation in living organisms through this comprehensive lecture. Delve into the essential roles of kinesin and dynein in neuronal function and viral propagation. Learn about advanced experimental techniques like optical traps for measuring motor motility and force production. Examine various types of transport regulation, including global and semi-global regulation of kinesin-family motors. Investigate the adaptation properties of cargoes and their ability to escape optical traps. Discover the importance of nuclear migration and the roles of specific proteins like NudE and Lis1. Gain insights into mitochondrial interactions, lipid droplet movement, and their significance in energy production and bacterial defense. Conclude with an overview of open questions in lipid droplet transport and the researchers behind this work.

Kinesin & Dynein essential for neuronal function
And for neurotropic viruses such as herpes
In this talk, I'll start with a brief
The basics of the in vitro assay: Optical Trap -Measure Motor Motility Velocity, Travel
Can also measure forces with the Optical Trap
Force production
Now, switch to in vivo -how many motors work together? use the optical trap
The optical trap in action
There are multiple types of regulation of transport:
First example-Global regulation of kinesin-family motors:
CK2/Kinesin Interaction Involved in in vivo Lipid Droplet Force Production
Second example-Semi-Global regulation of kinesin-family motors:
The increased LD-mito contacts are to allow lipid transfer to Mitos for energy production.
Might cargoes increase their ability to escape from the optical trap
Properties of adaptation....
Hypothesis: adaptation directly targets dynein via regulation- change single-molecule properties
When nuclear migration fails, it can be catastrophic
Back to cells: Test importance of NudE and Lis1
Conclusion: 1. Cargos are "smart"-they have local adaptation of force production,
Role of 14-3-38
Summary
Conclusion: Mitochondria
Lipid droplets move to contact bacteria
Lipid Droplet transport: open questions
Who did the work?