Fundamentals of Operating Systems

The operating system course typically covers a range of topics essential for understanding how computer systems manage resources and interact with users and applications. It starts with foundational concepts like processes, threads, and synchronization mechanisms, then moves on to memory management, including virtual memory and paging. File systems and storage management are also explored, along with device management and I/O systems.Students often learn about different types of operating systems, such as real-time, distributed, and embedded systems. They may study the design principles behind popular operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux, as well as concepts like scheduling algorithms, security, and networking within the context of operating systems.

WEEK

TOPIC

Week-1

Introduction to Operating Systems

Characteristics and Functions of Operating Systems

Evaluation of Operating Systems

Desktop Systems and Multiprocessor Systems, Distributed Systems

Week-2

Real-Time Systems, and Handheld Systems

Storage Structure, and Storage Hierarchy

Operating-System Services, and Function

Week-3

System Calls, and System Programs

Process Concept, and Process Scheduling

Threads, Threading Issues

Operations on Processes, and Co-operating Processes

Week-4

Inter process Communication, and Communication in Client–Server Systems

PCB and Context Switching

Basic Concept of CPU Scheduling and Multithreading

State Transition of Process and Multiple-Processor Scheduling Techniques

Week-5

Non-Preemptive CPU Scheduling Algorithms

Questions on Non-Preemptive CPU Scheduling Algorithms

Preemptive CPU Scheduling Algorithms

Questions on Preemptive CPU Scheduling Algorithms

Week-6

Concept of Virtual Memory

Contiguous Memory Allocation

Non-Contiguous Memory Allocation

Week-7

Concepts of Paging and Demand Paging

Concept of Segmentation

Segmentation with Paging

Week-8

Page Replacement Algorithms

Thrashing and Handling of Thrashing

Process Synchronization Types

Week-9

Critical Section Problem

Introduction to Semaphores and Its Types

File system Implementation

Week-10

Free space Management

I/O Systems, and I/O Hardware

Basic Concepts of Deadlocks and Necessary conditions for Deadlock

Deadlock Prevention Techniques and Handling Algorithms for Deadlocks

Week-11

Banker’s Algorithm

Deadlock Avoidance and Removal

Week-12

Introduction to Disk Scheduling

Understanding Disk Read/Write Operations and Overview of Disk Scheduling Algorithms

Introduction to Linux Operating systems Commands