Towards Practical Quantum Advantage - Quantum Colloquium

Explore the potential of quantum computing and its practical applications in this comprehensive lecture by Matthias Troyer, Distinguished Scientist at Microsoft Quantum. Delve into the criteria for achieving quantum advantage over classical supercomputers, focusing on "small data" problems with superquadratic quantum speedups. Examine recent progress in quantum algorithms for chemistry and the simulation of quantum systems, with applications in condensed matter physics, materials science, and chemistry. Discover the challenges and limitations of analog quantum simulators, and learn about successful validations of quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases. Investigate the potential for quantum optimization to escape local minima through tunneling, and understand the significant advancements made in reducing quantum algorithm runtime for computational catalysis. Gain insights into the future of quantum technology and its potential to revolutionize various fields of study and industry.

Intro
New physics leads to new technologies
A maze of proposed applications based on a zoo of quantum
Quantum computers are slow in reading data
Quantum computers need fewer operations but each operation is slower by 10-12 orders of magnitude
Quantum speedup can overcome the constant slowdown
Analog quantum simulators
Ultracold atomic gas quantum simulators
Successful validation of quantum simulation of bosons
Quantum advantage in an analog quantum simulation
Limitations of analog quantum simulations
What do we need to get to the simplest practical quantum advantage?
Catalysis: carbon fixation
Simulating time evolution on quantum computers
10 orders of magnitude reduction in quantum algori runtime for computational catalysis over six years
Quantum Optimization Use quantum effects to escape local minima by tunneling through a barrier
Towards practical quantum advantage