The Nephron

Explore the intricate structure and function of the nephron in this comprehensive 37-minute video tutorial. Delve into the foundations of nephron anatomy, including an overview of its parts and key fluids involved in renal processes. Understand essential physiological processes such as filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion. Examine the two types of nephrons: cortical and juxtaglomerular. Investigate the renal corpuscle, including glomerular cells, basement membrane, Bowman's capsule, and podocytes. Learn about the various segments of renal tubules, their functions, and the roles of hormones like ADH and aldosterone. Discover the juxtaglomerular apparatus and its components. Conclude with a concise summary and gain a thorough understanding of this crucial kidney structure.

​​. Introduction.
. Nephron foundations.
. Overview of nephron (parts).
. Key fluids. plasma, filtrate, tubular fluid, urine, extracellular fluid (ECF).
. Key physiological processes. filtration, reabsorption, secretion, excretion.
. Two types of nephrons: Cortical nephrons and Juxtaglomerular nephrons.
. Renal corpuscle.
. Glomerular (fenestrations) and mesangial cells.
. Glomerular basement membrane (GBM).
. Bowman's capsule and Bowman's space.
. Podocytes and filtration slits.
. Glomerular filtration apparatus.
. Vascular pole and urinary pole.
. Renal tubules.
. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
. Loop of Henle.
. Countercurrent multiplier and Countercurrent exchanger (overview).
. Distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
. Collecting ducts (CD).
. Without ADH.
. With ADH.
. With Aldosterone and ADH.
. Juxtaglomerular apparatus.
. Juxtaglomerular cells.
. Macula densa cells.
. Mesangial cells.
. In-a-Nutshell.
​​. Acknowledgements.