Organic Chemistry in Biology and Drug Development

COURSE OUTLINE: In the biosphere, the chemistry must be considered in the context of the cell, or an organ, or even a whole organism. That makes mimicking of biological processes to be extremely challenging as the reaction needs to be performed with perfect orthogonality to other functional entities present in a biological system. Today, with the advancement of various spectroscopic and molecular biology techniques and with a better understanding of chemical principles, functions of various bio molecules have been unravelled which has paved the way for development of newer drugs. The present course is an attempt to bridge the gap in our understanding of biological systems and processes at the molecular and functional level. The course first introduces the various kinds of bio molecules, macro to medium size to small, their structures and functions followed by molecular engineering to manipulate their activity and biosynthesis. That creates a perfect platform for the next module on drug design and discovery.

Organic Chemistry in Biology and Drug Development.
Lecture 1 : A brief introduction to Molecules of Life.
Lecture 2 : Biological Macro molecules and Small molecules: Importance and functions.
Lecture 3 : Amino Acids: The building block of proteins.
Lecture 4 : Amino acids: separation and detection, Electrophoresis and Ninhydrin reaction.
Lecture 5 : Method of determination of Amino acid sequence: primary structure of polypeptide/protein.
Lecture 6 : Selective peptide bond cleavage: Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic methods.
Lecture 7 : Peptide synthesis: Protecting groups for amine and carboxyl functionality.
Lecture 8 : Peptide synthesis (continued): Protection, coupling and deprotection methods.
Lecture 9 : Recent development of coupling agents;.
Lecture 10 : Hierarchial structure of proteins: Secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure.
Lecture 11 : Ramachandran plot and protein purification techniques.
Lecture 12 : Protein Purification Techniques (Contd.).
Lecture 13 : Introduction to Enzymes and its kinetics.
Lecture 14 : Enzyme catalysed reactions and introduction to catalytic activity of proteases.
Lecture 15 : Enzyme Kinetics (Contd.).
Lecture 16 : Concept of Enzyme Inhibition.
Lecture 17 : Concept of Enzyme Inhibition (Contd.).
Lecture 18 : Problems on Enzyme Kinetics and Enzyme Inhibition.
Lecture 19 : Synthetic Biology.
Lecture 20 : Synthetic Biology (Contd.).
Lecture 21 : Synthetic Biology (Contd.).
Lecture 22 : Nucleic Acid.
Lecture 23 : Nucleic Acid (Contd.).
Lecture 24 : DNA sequencing method.
Lecture 25 : DNA sequencing method (Contd.).
Lecture 26 : DNA sequencing method (Contd.).
Lecture 27 : Synthesis of oligonucleotide.
Lecture 28 : Central dogma: DNA replication, transcription and translation.
Lecture 29 : Central dogma: DNA replication, transcription and translation (Contd.).
Lecture 30 : Central dogma: DNA replication, transcription and translation (Contd.).
Lecture 31 : Central dogma: DNA replication, transcription and translation ((Contd.).
Lecture 32 : Central dogma: DNA replication, transcription and translation (Contd.).
Lecture 33 : Molecular Biology.
Lecture 34 : Molecular Biology (Contd.).
Lecture 35 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes.
Lecture 36 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes (Contd.).
Lecture 37 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes (Contd.).
Lecture 38 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes (Contd.).
Lecture 39 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes (Contd.).
Lecture 40 : Chemistry of cofactors/coenzymes (Contd.).
Lecture-41: " Introduction to Drug Discovery Process".
Lecture-42: " Fundamental Principles of Drug Development Process".
Lecture-43: " Combinatorial chemistry".
Lecture-44: "Neurotransmitters".
Lecture-45: " Catechol amine based and GABA neurotransmitters".
Lecture-46: " Hypertension: humoral mechanism and renin/angiotensin system".
Lecture-47: " Inhibitor design of angiotensin converting enzyme".
Lecture 48: Antimicrobial drugs.
Lecture 49: Chemistry of penicillins.
Lecture 50: Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.
Lecture 51: Mechanistic studies of beta-lactamase.
Lecture 52: Non beta-lactam antibiotics.
Lecture 53: Mechanistic enzymology of Isopenicillin N synthase.
Lecture-54 : Polyketide Biosynthesis.
Lecture 55 : Biosynthesis of macrolide polyketides and introduction to virus.
Lecture 56 : Anti-viral drugs.
Lecture-57 : Cancer and Chemotherapy.
Lecture-58 : Anti-cancer drugs (contd).
Lecture 59 : Aromatase inhibition and Anti-ulcer drugs.
Lecture-60 : Cholesterol lowering agents.
Lecture 61 : Cholesterol Biosynthesis.
Lecture-62 : Pharmakinetics and pharmadynamics.
Lecture-63 : QSAR principles.