New Approaches to Vaccine Development for TB and HIV

Explore new approaches to vaccine development and HIV/TB research in this lecture from the HU CFAR Annual Symposium. Delve into successful licensed vaccine classes, liposome delivery systems, and innovative strategies for stable lipid nanoparticles. Learn about interbilayer-crosslinked multilamellar vesicles (CMV) and their efficiency in delivering antigens to lymph node cells. Discover the potential of ICMV nanocapsules in eliciting long-lived, high-avidity humoral responses and their application in needle-free mucosal vaccination. Examine the importance of vaccination location and clinically validated strategies for lymph node targeting. Investigate the use of albumin hitch-hiking to keep CpG at local immune induction sites and avoid systemic inflammation. Finally, explore the application of amphiphile vaccines to HIV, focusing on designing long peptide antigens to constrain viral fitness and maximize vaccine efficacy and safety.

Intro
2 classes of successful, licensed vaccines
Liposomes: the prototypical particulate delivery system
A strategy for selectively stable lipid nanoparticles: interbilayer-crosslinked multilamellar vesicles (CMV)
(1) Stabilized lipid capsules deliver antigen to lymph node cells more efficiently than soluble or liposomal vaccines
ICMV nanocapsules elicit long-lived, high avidity humoral responses using low doses of antigen
Needle-free mucosal vaccination with ICMVS
Establishment of large mucosa-localized effector memory T- cell populations
Vaccination: Location, location, location
A clinically validated strategy for LN targeting: sentinel lymph node mapping
albumin hitch-hiking keeps CpG at local immune induction site avoiding systemic inflammation
Applying the amphiphile vaccine to HIV Designing long peptide antigens to constrain viral fitness
lymph node targeting amphiphiles as a strategy to maximize the efficacy and safety of a sector peptide-based vaccine
Acknowledgments