Introduction to Biomedical Optics: From Theory to Applications

Learning objectives:The key objectives of this course are to:▪ Detailed understanding on optics fundamentals, light-tissue interaction, molecular spectroscopy.▪ Understand phenomena such as scattering, absorption, fluorescence, and polarization, and how these properties can be utilized in biomedical diagnostics and imaging.▪ Learn photon transport equation in turbid media, diffusion theory approximation, and Monte Carlo methods for solving inverse problems. Different configurations of near-infrared spectroscopy, such as continuous wave, frequency domain, and time-domain.▪ Provide hands-on experience in optical instrumentation and characterization of optical tissue phantom that mimics optical properties of biological tissues.Learning outcomes:On successful completion of the course, the student will be able to: ▪ Acquire fundamental understanding of the optical instruments (optical components, source, and detectors).▪ Analyze the underlying mathematical model of the light-tissue interaction and the optical techniques to quantify tissue physiological attributes.▪ Design and analyze optical systems and its instrumentation to apply in the field of biomedical engineering.▪ Perform the experiment, acquire data, and interpret the parameters related to light-tissue interaction.▪ Independently develop optical phantom tissue, perform the optical experiment, acquire data, and troubleshoot practical problems related to light-tissue interaction.

Module 1: Physics of Biomedical Optics: Introduction to Wave Optics, Fundamentals of Spectroscopy.Module 2: Light-Tissue Interaction: Scattering Theory: Rayleigh and Mie Scattering. Absorption Theory using Beer Lambert and Modified Beer Lambert Law.Module 3: Light Transport Theory in Turbid Media: Boltzmann transport equation and Light Transport Modeling and SimulationModule 4: Optical Instrumentation: Light Sources: Working principle of LASERs and LEDs. Optical lens and Polarizers. Working principal of Light Detectors, Fiber optics, Polarizers. Advance topics such as Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, optical biosensors, Doppler spectroscopy.Module 5: Experimental Methods and Multimodal Imaging Techniques: Forward and inverse method for diffuse optical imaging and tomography. Multimodal Imaging Techniques such as Opto-acoustics, opto-thermo, and opto-thermo-acoustic (OTA) modality.