Cell signalling

This free course, Cell signalling, explains the general principles of signal transduction and specifically, how even the simplest organisms can detect and respond to events in their ever-changing environment.

• Introduction
• Learning outcomes
• 1 General principles of signal transduction
• 1 General principles of signal transduction
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Extracellular signals can act locally or at a distance
• 1.2.1 Cell–cell contact-dependent signalling
• 1.2.2 Cell–cell signalling via secreted molecules
• 1.3 Most receptors are on the cell surface
• 1.4 Cellular responses are diverse
• 1.5 Signal transduction mechanisms
• 1.6 Signalling proteins can act as molecular switches
• 1.7 Localization of signalling proteins
• 1.8 Protein–protein interactions in signal transduction
• 1.9 Summary
• 2 Receptors and their ligands
• 2 Receptors and their ligands
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Receptor specificity
• 2.3 Receptor activation
• 2.3.1 Ion-channel receptors
• 2.3.2 Seven-helix transmembrane (7TM) receptors
• 2.3.3 Receptors with intrinsic enzymatic activity
• 2.3.4 Recruiter receptors
• 2.4 Receptor inactivation
• 2.5 Intracellular receptors
• 2.6 Summary
• 3 Intracellular signalling components
• 3 Intracellular signalling components
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Trimeric G proteins
• 3.3 Lipid-modifying enzymes
• 3.3.1 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase)
• 3.3.2 Phospholipase C (PLC)
• 3.4 Second messengers
• 3.4.1 Calcium ions
• 3.4.2 Cyclic AMP
• 3.4.3 Cyclic GMP
• 3.5 Monomeric G proteins
• 3.6 Protein kinases
• 3.6.1 The MAP kinase pathway
• 3.6.2 The JAK–STAT pathway
• 3.7 Protein phosphatases
• 3.8 Activation of transcription factors
• 3.9 Summary
• 4 Glucose metabolism: an example of integration of signalling pathways
• 4 Glucose metabolism: an example of integration of signalling pathways
• 4.1 Glucose metabolism
• 4.2 Summary
• Conclusion
• References
• Acknowledgements