Sustainable Food Systems: A Mediterranean Perspective

The Mediterranean region is one of the most biodiverse in the world, home to a complex and intricate patchwork of cultures, climates, and cuisines. Food systems in the region -- represented worldwide by the "Mediterranean diet" -- are equally complex, demanding analysis across the political, social, cultural, economic and nutritional spectrums from landscape to table.

The ability of Mediterranean agriculture to sustain its peoples -- and the planet -- is now threatened by several issues:

• Unsustainable agriculture production and limited agricultural diversification;
• Overexploitation of natural resources, including loss of soil fertility and agricultural biodiversity;
• Water scarcity and poor water management;
• Limited agricultural diversification;
• Increasingly poor nutritional value of food products and diets;
• Food loss and waste; and
• Decline in food culture and food sovereignty, highlighting the struggle between modernity and tradition.

This course discusses the challenges and opportunities of the agricultural sector in the Mediterranean basin. It summarizes global-to-local challenges related to achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG); outlines the history and culture of agriculture and its main characteristics with a focus on the "Mediterranean diet"; explains agricultural data with a focus on rural development models and value creation; explores EU policy frameworks and international agreements related to food and agriculture in the Mediterranean; and highlights emerging opportunities linked to innovation and sustainability in the sector.

This course is for:

• Students at the undergraduate or graduate level interested in the main challenges facing the Mediterranean region
• Current and future practitioners in the agriculture, food, and beverage sectors who wish to gain useful insights about current and future trends and business opportunities
• Policymakers and regional stakeholders who want to deepen their knowledge of agricultural policy, investment, and decisionmaking in the region and globally

Want to learn more about sustainable food and nutrition around the world? Check out the SDG Academy course "Feeding a Hungry Planet: Agriculture, Nutrition and Sustainability."

Prologue

Module 1: The Mediterranean challenges around food and agriculture

• Introduction
• Mediterranean challenges and innovation in food systems
• Theoretical framework, objectives and course outline
• Contextualizing the SDGs for the Mediterranean region

Module 2: History of agriculture in Mediterranean basin and Mediterranean Diet

• The origin of agriculture
• Civilisations
• Middles ages and early modern
• Modern agriculture
• Agriculture and habits of local communities

Module 3: Poverty alleviation, economic and social rural development

• Economics of food systems
• Rural development
• Markets and supply chains
• International trade
• Development enhancing investments
• Food governance

Module 4: Fisheries and aquaculture

• Our ocean: A finite resource
• Dance of the plankton
• Marine food chains
• Fisheries economics and management
• Aquaculture and mariculture
• Sustainable management of fisheries
• Summing it up

Module 5: How to achieve the SDGs in the Mediterranean: Water resources and fisheries management

• Challenges
• Theoretical chapter
• Successful case studies in Mediterranean

Module 6: How to achieve the SDGs in the Mediterranean: Sustainable farming systems under environmental and climatic constraints

• Challenges
• Challenges at Mediterranean level
• Theoretical chapter
• Successful case studies in Mediterranean

Module 7: How to achieve the SDGs in the Mediterranean: Food value chain for regional and local development

• Challenges
• Theoretical chapter
• Successful case studies in Mediterranean

Module 8: How to achieve the SDGs in the Mediterranean: Reducing food waste and enhancing by-product innovations

• Challenges
• Theoretical chapter
• Case studies in Egypt

Module 9: How to achieve the SDGs in the Mediterranean: Nutrition and education

• Challenges
• Theoretical chapter
• Case studies in North Africa and Middle East

Module 10: New professional profiles in a Mediterranean context

• Professional needs to face sustainability issues
• Youth & food
• Professional profiles in the agrifood sector
• Professional profiles in the "sustainable tourism" sector
• The role of higher education institutions
• A job for the future: the "innovation broker"